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France / Champagne
Traditional-Method Sparkling
Main grapes: Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and Meunier.
Use the northern France map cue to remember Champagne as the French sparkling benchmark.
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After this chapter, you will be able to recognize key popular wines in the Old World and connect them to their main regions and grape varieties.
France introduces the core reference points: sparkling Champagne, Burgundy whites and reds, Bordeaux blends, and Southern Rhône GSM wines.
Main grapes: Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and Meunier.
Use the northern France map cue to remember Champagne as the French sparkling benchmark.
Main grape: Chardonnay.
Burgundy is world-renowned for high-quality white wines made from Chardonnay.
Main grape: Pinot Noir.
Red Burgundy is primarily made from Pinot Noir and is a key style to recognize.
Main grapes: Cabernet Sauvignon and Merlot.
Bordeaux reds are generally medium to full-bodied and built around this classic pairing.
Main blend: Grenache, Syrah, and Mourvèdre.
Southern Rhône is the place cue for bold GSM-based red wines.
Italy moves between sparkling wines, historic Tuscan reds, Abruzzo reds, and value-driven southern styles.
Main grape: Glera.
Prosecco is Italy’s most popular sparkling wine and comes from the Glera grape.
Main grape: Sangiovese.
Chianti Classico comes from Tuscany and is primarily made from Sangiovese.
Main grape: Montepulciano.
Montepulciano d’Abruzzo is a key expression of Italy’s second most planted red grape.
Main grapes: Negroamaro and Primitivo.
Puglia is famous for best-value red wines made from local grapes.
Spain centers on Tempranillo, especially in Rioja and Ribera del Duero.
Main grape: Tempranillo.
Rioja produces Tempranillo-based wines with famous ageing classifications.
Main grape: Tempranillo.
Ribera del Duero is in the Duero river valley and is known for rich, tannic reds.
Use this table to connect each place with the main grape or blend you need for the quiz.
| Country | Wine / Region | Main Grape / Blend | Core Cue |
|---|---|---|---|
| France | Champagne | Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Meunier | Traditional-method sparkling wine |
| France | Burgundy white | Chardonnay | World-renowned white Burgundy |
| France | Burgundy red | Pinot Noir | Classic red Burgundy grape |
| France | Bordeaux red | Cabernet Sauvignon, Merlot | Medium to full-bodied red blend |
| France | Southern Rhône | Grenache, Syrah, Mourvèdre | GSM blend |
| Italy | Prosecco | Glera | Popular Italian sparkling wine |
| Italy | Chianti Classico | Sangiovese | Historic Tuscan red |
| Italy | Montepulciano d’Abruzzo | Montepulciano | Abruzzo red wine expression |
| Italy | Puglia red wines | Negroamaro, Primitivo | Best-value local reds |
| Spain | Rioja / Ribera del Duero | Tempranillo | Famous Spanish red wine grape |
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