Color and Clarity
Observe the wine's appearance, including its color and clarity, before moving into aroma or taste.

After this chapter, you will be able to know the key principles and practices involved in wine tasting technique.
A professional tasting follows a simple order: look, swirl, smell, then taste.
Observe the wine's appearance, including its color and clarity, before moving into aroma or taste.
Gently swirl the glass to aerate the wine and help aroma notes become easier to detect.
Bring your nose close to the rim and take a focused sniff to identify aroma characteristics.
Roll the wine around your mouth to assess sweetness, acidity, tannin, alcohol, body, flavour, and finish.
Move through the tasting grid from top to bottom so every wine is assessed in the same order.
| Stage | Focus | What to Check |
|---|---|---|
| Appearance | Colour | White, red, and rose wines show different colour ranges and clarity. |
| Nose | Aroma characteristics | Examples include fruit, oak, and other aroma notes detected on the nose. |
| Palate | Structural characteristics | Assess sweetness, acidity, tannin, alcohol, and body. |
| Palate | Flavour characteristics | Confirm whether the flavours match or differ from the aromas detected on the nose. |
Need to follow the order above, from the top to the bottom.
Good tasting conditions help you notice aromas, flavours, and structure more clearly.
These terms make tasting notes clearer and easier to discuss professionally.
Aroma describes the wine's smell. At entry level, it is enough to identify familiar notes such as fruit or oak.
Flavours on the palate should be compared with aromas detected on the nose.
Sweetness is the taste of sugar in the wine. A dry wine has no sugar, or only a tiny detectable amount.
Acidity gives the wine a fresh sensation and can make your mouth water.
Tannin is important in red wine and can cause a dry sensation on the gums and cheeks.
Alcohol contributes to the body of a wine. High levels can create a warming sensation.
Body is the overall feeling of the wine in the mouth, created by structural components such as sugar, acidity, tannin, and alcohol.
Ready to test what you've learned?
Answer the quiz and reveal your result